{"id":3698,"date":"2024-05-30T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-05-30T01:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/?p=3698"},"modified":"2026-04-23T19:17:32","modified_gmt":"2026-04-23T11:17:32","slug":"research-on-processing-and-annealing-techniques-of-quartz-glass","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/ka\/research-on-processing-and-annealing-techniques-of-quartz-glass\/","title":{"rendered":"\u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e5\u10dc\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n\n\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-table-of-contents uagb-toc__align-left uagb-toc__columns-1  uagb-block-7f4d3acd\"\n\t\t\t\t\tdata-scroll= \"1\"\n\t\t\t\t\tdata-offset= \"30\"\n\t\t\t\t\tstyle=\"\"\n\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uagb-toc__wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uagb-toc__title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u1ca1\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='uagb-toc__separator'><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uagb-toc__list-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<ol class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><a href=\"#1-introduction\" class=\"uagb-toc-link__trigger\">1. \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d8<\/a><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><a href=\"#2-processing-of-quartz-glass-products\" class=\"uagb-toc-link__trigger\">2. \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/a><ul class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><a href=\"#21-types-of-quartz-glass-materials\" class=\"uagb-toc-link__trigger\">2.1 \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8<\/a><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><a href=\"#22-processing-of-quartz-glass-materials\" class=\"uagb-toc-link__trigger\">2.2 \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><a href=\"#3-stress-in-quartz-glass-products\" class=\"uagb-toc-link__trigger\">3. \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8<\/a><ul class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><a href=\"#31-generation-of-stress\" class=\"uagb-toc-link__trigger\">3.1 \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0<\/a><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><a href=\"#32-types-of-stress-in-quartz-glass-products\" class=\"uagb-toc-link__trigger\">3.2 \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8<\/a><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><a href=\"#321-temporary-stress\" class=\"uagb-toc-link__trigger\">3.2.1 \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8<\/a><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><a href=\"#322-permanent-stress\" class=\"uagb-toc-link__trigger\">3.2.2 \u10db\u10e3\u10d3\u10db\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li>\u10db\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \/ \u10df\u10e3\u10e0\u10dc\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \/ \u10df\u10e3\u10e0\u10dc\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \/ \u10df\u10e3\u10e0\u10dc\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \/ \u10df\u10e3\u10e0\u10dc<\/li><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><a href=\"#4-annealing-of-quartz-products\" class=\"uagb-toc-link__trigger\">4. \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/a><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><a href=\"#conclusion\" class=\"uagb-toc-link__trigger\">\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d9\u10d5\u10dc\u10d0<\/a>\u10db\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \/ \u10df\u10e3\u10e0\u10dc\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \/ \u10df\u10e3\u10e0\u10dc\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \/ \u10df\u10e3\u10e0\u10dc\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \/ \u10df\u10e3\u10e0\u10dc\u10db\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \/ \u10df\u10e3\u10e0\u10dc\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \/ \u10df\u10e3\u10e0\u10dc\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \/ \u10df\u10e3\u10e0\u10dc\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \/ \u10df\u10e3\u10e0\u10dc<\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-b18411bb\"><h2 class=\"uagb-heading-text\">1. \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d8<\/h2><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e5\u10dc\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1 \u10db\u10d8\u10d6\u10dc\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1 \u10dd\u10de\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0-\u10d1\u10dd\u10ed\u10d9\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10d3\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1. \u10d8\u10e1 \u10ea\u10d3\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d0\u10e3\u10db\u10ef\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10e1\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da \u10d3\u10d0 \u10dc\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0 \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10de\u10e0\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e8\u10e3\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7, \u10e0\u10d0\u10ea \u10e3\u10d6\u10e0\u10e3\u10dc\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10da\u10e3\u10d5 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10e1\u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10e8\u10d8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-382e9e38\"><h2 class=\"uagb-heading-text\">2. \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/h2><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-70147f77\"><h3 class=\"uagb-heading-text\">2.1 \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8<\/h3><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d9\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10e4\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10e0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1, \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d2\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10ee\u10d4\u10d3\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7, \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10ea\u10d0\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e0\u10ec\u10e7\u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10ed\u10d5\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d4 \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0, \u10db\u10d3\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0, \u10d2\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d0\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10ed\u10d5\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d4 \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0, \u10e1\u10d8\u10dc\u10d7\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0, \u10d2\u10d0\u10e3\u10db\u10ed\u10d5\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d4 \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0, \u10dd\u10de\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0, \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10e2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8. \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd \u10e1\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1. \u10d8\u10e1\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10d0 \u10dd\u10e0 \u10eb\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d9\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10d3: \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10ed\u10d5\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e3\u10db\u10ed\u10d5\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d4. \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e3\u10e4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10ee\u10d4\u10d3\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db \u10d9\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10d3: \u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e3\u10e4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4, \u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10dd\u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10d8 \u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8\u10e4\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10e7\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d0. \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e5\u10d5\u10e1 \u10e3\u10e4\u10e0\u10dd \u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d2\u10d8\u10d0, \u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10d4 \u10d9\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8, \u10e0\u10d0\u10ea \u10db\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d4\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10da\u10e3\u10e0 \u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10da\u10e3\u10e0 \u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d0\u10e5\u10ea\u10d4\u10d5\u10e1. SiO2 \u10db\u10dd\u10da\u10d4\u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e9\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10dc \u10d5\u10d8\u10d1\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e5\u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc \u10d9\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d0\u10dc\u10d2\u10e0\u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10ec\u10e7\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2. \u10d9\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0 \u10eb\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d3 \u10ee\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d6\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d6\u10d4, \u10e0\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10db\u10dd\u10f0\u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc \u10d4\u10e1 \u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d9\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10dc\u10eb\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10d4\u10dc, \u10e0\u10d0\u10ea \u10d8\u10ec\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10da\u10dd\u10d9\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d6\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da \u10d3\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1. \u10d9\u10d4\u10e0\u10eb\u10dd\u10d3, \u10e2\u10e3\u10e2\u10d4 \u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 (\u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10ea\u10d0\u10d0 K, Na, Li, Ca, Mg) \u10d0\u10db\u10ea\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10dc \u10e1\u10d8\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10e1 \u10e5\u10e1\u10d4\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1, \u10e0\u10d0\u10ea \u10d0\u10e9\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8\u10e4\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u10d4\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10ee\u10d8\u10da\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10de\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10ea \u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10ea\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1 \u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10ed\u10d5\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d4 \u10e1\u10d8\u10dc\u10d7\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-bdc70e2a\"><h3 class=\"uagb-heading-text\">2.2 \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/h3><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10d1\u10d0\u10d3-\u10df\u10d0\u10dc\u10d2\u10d1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10da\u10d8, \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 1500-1600\u00b0C.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-5c83f448\"><h2 class=\"uagb-heading-text\">3. \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8<\/h2><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-cf542c19\"><h3 class=\"uagb-heading-text\">3.1 \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0<\/h3><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d1\u10dd\u10e1 \u10ea\u10e3\u10d3\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10e2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0. \u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ed\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 (\u10d6\u10d4\u10ec\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4) \u10d7\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d0\u10dc \u10d2\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d5\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0, \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4 \u10e4\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10de\u10d8\u10e0 \u10d7\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d0\u10dc \u10ef\u10d4\u10e0 \u10d8\u10ec\u10e7\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1, \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10e8\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 (\u10e1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d1\u10dd\u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10e2\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4 \u10e1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d1\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d8\u10d2\u10dc\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10ea\u10d4\u10db\u10e1) \u10d0\u10dc \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2 \u10d2\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d5\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0. . \u10d4\u10e1 \u10e5\u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d6\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d8\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1 \u10e8\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1. \u10d2\u10d0\u10ea\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e3\u10e8\u10e3\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10ea\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d6\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d0, \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d1\u10dd\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10db\u10e6\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0 \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d0, \u10e0\u10d0\u10ea \u10d8\u10ec\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10ee\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4 \u10e4\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1. \u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0 \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10ea\u10d3\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10e3\u10dc\u10dd\u10e1 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0, \u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4 \u10e4\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1. \u10d0\u10db\u10e0\u10d8\u10d2\u10d0\u10d3, \u10d2\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d0\u10e6\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10dd \u10ee\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8, \u10e0\u10d0\u10ea \u10e5\u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d8\u10de\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10e1 \u10e3\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10e5\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd: \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10de\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10eb\u10d0\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10eb\u10d0\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0. \u10eb\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10ea\u10d3\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10d0\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4 \u10e4\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4 \u10e4\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10db\u10dd\u10e5\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0, \u10d4\u10ec\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10de\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8, \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4 \u10e4\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10eb\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d4\u10ec\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10eb\u10d0\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u10d5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10de\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10eb\u10d0\u10da\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10d0, \u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10d4 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10ed\u10d8\u10db\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10eb\u10d0\u10da\u10d0, \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4 \u10e4\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e3\u10eb\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10e3\u10da \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d7\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1. \u10dc\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10de\u10d8\u10e0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10ea\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10d1\u10d0\u10d3-\u10df\u10d0\u10dc\u10d2\u10d1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ea\u10d4\u10ea\u10ee\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10ee\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4. \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10e5\u10d8\u10d7, \u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea 500\u00b0C \u10d0\u10dc \u10e3\u10e4\u10e0\u10dd \u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d0\u10ea\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10e8\u10d8, \u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10d3\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d8\u10d1\u10d6\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u10dc\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d0\u10d3 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10e5\u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8\u10d0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d1\u10e0\u10e3\u10dc\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1<\/strong> \u10dd\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d1\u10e0\u10e3\u10dc\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e8\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10e1 \u10d3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e9\u10d8\u10e0\u10d0\u10e6\u10d3\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ea\u10d4\u10ea\u10ee\u10da\u10e8\u10d8. \u10d5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d1\u10e0\u10e3\u10dc\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10e8\u10d8, \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10ec\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d8\u10d7.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10d3\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1<\/strong> \u10e6\u10d8\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1, \u10d2\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10d3\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d1\u10d8\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10e3\u10e6\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1, \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d1\u10e0\u10e3\u10dc\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1, \u10e0\u10d0\u10ea \u10d8\u10ec\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1, \u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10d4 \u10d6\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10d7 \u10d0\u10e6\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10d0. \u10d0\u10db \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10eb\u10d0\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10dd.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d4\u10ed\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10e1\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8<\/strong> \u10e0\u10d2\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10e1\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d4\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d1\u10d8\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10e3\u10e6\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8 \u10e5\u10e3\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e5\u10e3\u10da \u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8<\/strong> \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10dc\u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10e3\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e5\u10e3\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10e4\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d8\u10d7, \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10db \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e5\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0. \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3, \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10e8\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4 \u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10d3\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e5\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0, \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4 \u10e5\u10e3\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10d9\u10d6\u10d4, \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10d3 \u10e8\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d1\u10d8\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d6\u10d4\u10ea, \u10e0\u10d0\u10ea \u10d8\u10ec\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10e1 \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10e1.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4 \u10d8\u10ea\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10ee\u10d4\u10d3\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7. \u10e0\u10d0\u10ea \u10e3\u10e4\u10e0\u10dd \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8\u10d0 \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d0\u10ea \u10e3\u10e4\u10e0\u10dd \u10e1\u10e5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0, \u10db\u10d8\u10d7 \u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10d0 \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8. \u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10db, \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10ea\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-0512fd7b\"><h3 class=\"uagb-heading-text\">3.2 \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8<\/h3><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d4\u10e0\u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10e7\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10e3\u10d3\u10db\u10d8\u10d5 \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-599187b2\"><h3 class=\"uagb-heading-text\">3.2.1 \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8<\/h3><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc, \u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10e8\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ea\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10eb\u10d0\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d0, \u10e0\u10d0\u10ea \u10d8\u10ec\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10d7\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d1\u10dd\u10e1 \u10ea\u10e3\u10d3\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d1\u10dd\u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10e2\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd, \u10e0\u10d0\u10ea \u10e5\u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d9\u10d5\u10d4\u10e3\u10da \u10d7\u10d4\u10e0\u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10e1. \u10d4\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d4\u10e0\u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10e1 \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd \u10d3\u10d0 \u10ea\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e6\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10dd\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10db\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2, \u10e0\u10d0\u10ea \u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e6\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10ea\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d8\u10db\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0 \u10dc\u10d8\u10d5\u10d7\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1, \u10d8\u10e1\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d9\u10d8\u10da\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d7\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10d4\u10dc. \u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10db, \u10e8\u10d4\u10e0\u10ec\u10e7\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2, \u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e5\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e6\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10e0\u10de\u10e3\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d1\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10d7\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10d3, \u10db\u10d7\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d0\u10ea \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d2\u10da\u10e3\u10d5\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10d3\u10dd\u10e1, \u10e0\u10d0\u10ea \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d0\u10db\u10ea\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d1\u10d8\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e6\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-0e905379\"><h3 class=\"uagb-heading-text\">3.2.2 \u10db\u10e3\u10d3\u10db\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8<\/h3><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d5\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10eb\u10d0\u10d1\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d6\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc, \u10d7\u10d4\u10e0\u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10e5\u10db\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7, \u10db\u10d7\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10e5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10dd\u10d7\u10d0\u10ee\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2, \u10e0\u10d0\u10ea \u10e2\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d9\u10d5\u10d4\u10e3\u10da \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8. \u10db\u10e3\u10d3\u10db\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d9\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e9\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0\u10eb\u10d0\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4, \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10d6\u10d4, \u10d7\u10d4\u10e0\u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10d4\u10e4\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e5\u10d4\u10d6\u10d4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea \u10d6\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10d7 \u10d0\u10e6\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10d0, \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e6\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10e5\u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10e3\u10d3\u10db\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d0\u10ee\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4. \u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10db, \u10db\u10e3\u10d3\u10db\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e6\u10db\u10dd\u10e4\u10ee\u10d5\u10e0\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d6\u10d8\u10d7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-998d3415\"><h2 class=\"uagb-heading-text\">4. \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/h2><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u10d6\u10dd\u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d3, \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2 \u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0. \u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10db\u10dd\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d4\u10e0\u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10e1\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10eb\u10d0\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e8\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10e1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10e5\u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d4\u10e0\u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e6\u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10ee\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d3. \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea \u10ec\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8, \u10e0\u10d0\u10ea \u10e3\u10e4\u10e0\u10dd \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8\u10d0 \u10e8\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10d4\u10e4\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8, \u10e0\u10d0\u10ea \u10e3\u10e4\u10e0\u10dd \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d0\u10ea \u10e3\u10e4\u10e0\u10dd \u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0, \u10db\u10d8\u10d7 \u10e3\u10e4\u10e0\u10dd \u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0 \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8. \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea \u10e3\u10d9\u10d5\u10d4 \u10d0\u10e6\u10d5\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10d4\u10d7, \u10d3\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e6\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e5\u10d5\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10ea\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10e3\u10da \u10e6\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1, \u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10db \u10e1\u10d0\u10ed\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d0 \u10db\u10d9\u10d0\u10ea\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d4\u10e0\u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d0\u10e8\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10d3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u10e4\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10dd\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e3\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10db\u10d7\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d0\u10e6\u10db\u10dd\u10e4\u10ee\u10d5\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1 \u10eb\u10d0\u10d1\u10d5\u10d0 \u10e6\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e6\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1. \u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10ea\u10d0, \u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d0\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d8\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10d3 \u10db\u10ea\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10dd\u10de\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10e8\u10d0\u10ea \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10d3\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10da\u10d8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u10d7\u10d4\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10d3, \u10d3\u10e3\u10e6\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0 \u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 95% \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e6\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10e4\u10ee\u10d5\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1 3 \u10ec\u10e3\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2; \u10d3\u10e3\u10e6\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0 \u10d8\u10ec\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10e1 5% \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10d0\u10e1 3 \u10ec\u10e3\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2. \u10e1\u10d0\u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10dd \u10de\u10e0\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8, \u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0 50\u00b0C-\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d0, \u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10d4 \u10d3\u10e3\u10e6\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 100\u00b0C-\u10d8\u10d7 \u10e3\u10e4\u10e0\u10dd \u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d0, \u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10d4 \u10d3\u10e3\u10e6\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0. \u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10de\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10e0\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d6\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10e1, \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10db \u10db\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8 \u10e6\u10e3\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10d3\u10e3\u10e6\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d0, \u10e0\u10d0\u10ea \u10d0\u10db \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10ee\u10d8\u10da\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e5\u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8\u10d0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10e3\u10e6\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10d6\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10d0\u10e6\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10de\u10e0\u10d8\u10dc\u10ea\u10d8\u10de\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10ee\u10d4\u10d3\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10d0 \u10dd\u10d7\u10ee \u10d4\u10e2\u10d0\u10de\u10d0\u10d3: \u10d2\u10d0\u10d7\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e2\u10d0\u10de\u10d8, \u10db\u10e3\u10d3\u10db\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e2\u10d0\u10de\u10d8, \u10d2\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e2\u10d0\u10de\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d1\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e2\u10d0\u10de\u10d8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u10d2\u10d0\u10d7\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e2\u10d0\u10de\u10d8<\/strong> \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d4\u10db\u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10dd\u10de\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1. \u10db\u10d7\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d7\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10ea\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d4\u10da \u10d2\u10d0\u10d7\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 1100\u00b0C-\u10db\u10d3\u10d4. \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ea\u10d3\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10ee\u10d4\u10d3\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7, \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 4,5\/R\u00b2\u00b0C\/\u10ec\u10d7, \u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10ea R \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10e3\u10e1\u10d8.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u10db\u10e3\u10d3\u10db\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e2\u10d0\u10de\u10d8<\/strong> \u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e6\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd \u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10e6\u10ec\u10d4\u10d5\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10da\u10d4\u10e1 \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1, \u10e6\u10e3\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10db\u10e3\u10d3\u10db\u10d8\u10d5 \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4, \u10e0\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e3\u10d6\u10e0\u10e3\u10dc\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10e7\u10dd\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d2\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d7\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0, \u10d0\u10db\u10d6\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u10d2\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e2\u10d0\u10de\u10d8<\/strong> \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e6\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10e1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10eb\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc \u10db\u10ea\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4 \u10db\u10e3\u10d3\u10db\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e6\u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10ee\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d0\u10dc \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10e5\u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10d6\u10dc\u10d8\u10d7, \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10ea\u10d8\u10e0\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10d0, \u10e0\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10d8\u10e5\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8. \u10d2\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e9\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8\u10d0:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>1100\u00b0C-\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc 950\u00b0C-\u10db\u10d3\u10d4: 15\u00b0C\/\u10e1\u10d7<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>950\u00b0C-\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc 750\u00b0C-\u10db\u10d3\u10d4: 30\u00b0C\/\u10e1\u10d7<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>750\u00b0C-\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc 450\u00b0C-\u10db\u10d3\u10d4: 60\u00b0C\/\u10e1\u10d7<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u10d1\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e2\u10d0\u10de\u10d8<\/strong> 450\u00b0C-\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d1\u10da\u10d0, \u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e6\u10e3\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10db\u10dd \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d8\u10d6\u10dd\u10da\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10dd \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10ea\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4, \u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10db \u10d8\u10e1 \u10d1\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d5\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 100\u00b0C-\u10db\u10d3\u10d4. 100\u00b0C-\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10da \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d8\u10ee\u10e1\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d8\u10d6\u10dd\u10da\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10dd \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10db\u10dd \u10d3\u10d0 \u10ea\u10d8\u10d5\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10dd\u10d7\u10d0\u10ee\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u10d6\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10d0\u10e6\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10e3\u10da \u10dc\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10ef\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e9\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0 \u10d4\u10e4\u10e3\u10eb\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d4\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da \u10d3\u10d0 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1. \u10e1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8 1 \u10d2\u10d5\u10d8\u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10e3\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da \u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e3\u10da \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d7\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10d5\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10eb\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc \u10db\u10dd\u10d9\u10da\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d7\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d0\u10dc \u10db\u10e3\u10d3\u10db\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d8\u10d7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-bc46a4cd\"><h2 class=\"uagb-heading-text\">\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d9\u10d5\u10dc\u10d0<\/h2><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10e1\u10e8\u10d8, \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10e5\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10db\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0 \u10d4\u10e2\u10d0\u10de\u10d6\u10d4, \u10d8\u10e5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d4\u10e1 \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d7\u10e3 \u10db\u10e3\u10d3\u10db\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8. \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d0\u10e8\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d0\u10dc \u10db\u10e3\u10d3\u10db\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10ea\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da \u10d8\u10e5\u10dc\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d8\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10ea\u10d0\u10d0 \u201e\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u201c, \u201eHF \u10db\u10df\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u201c \u10d3\u10d0 \u201e\u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e6\u10e3\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u201c. \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10ee\u10e1\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10ec\u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d4\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10dd\u10de\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d2\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10e3\u10db\u10ef\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10d3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>GlobalQT-\u10e8\u10d8 (Global Quartz Tube), \u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e1\u10de\u10d4\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10d8\u10e1 <a href=\"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/ka\/products\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"2062\">\u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8<\/a> \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10d9\u10e0\u10d4\u10e2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ed\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10db\u10d0\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10db\u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10ec\u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7. \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d8\u10dc\u10e4\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10ec\u10d5\u10d8\u10d4\u10d7 \u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10e1 <a href=\"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/ka\/\">\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d2\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10d3\u10d8<\/a> \u10d0\u10dc \u10d3\u10d0\u10d2\u10d5\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d3\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e4\u10dd\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10d7 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d6\u10d4 <a>contact@globalquartztube.com<\/a>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1. Introduction This research on the processing and annealing techniques of quartz glass is aimed at fiber optic production and related projects. It seeks to improve the stability of quartz products at high and normal temperatures through practice, ensuring smooth application of products in various scenarios. 2. Processing of Quartz Glass Products 2.1 Types of [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":3701,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"Research on Processing and Annealing Techniques of Quartz Glass","_seopress_titles_desc":"Explore the types, stress generation, and annealing techniques of quartz glass, improving stability for high-temperature applications through practical research.","_seopress_robots_index":"","_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[13],"class_list":["post-3698","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","author-casper-peng"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Processing-and-Annealing-Techniques-of-Quartz-Glass.webp",1024,1024,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Processing-and-Annealing-Techniques-of-Quartz-Glass-150x150.webp",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Processing-and-Annealing-Techniques-of-Quartz-Glass-300x300.webp",300,300,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Processing-and-Annealing-Techniques-of-Quartz-Glass-768x768.webp",768,768,true],"large":["https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Processing-and-Annealing-Techniques-of-Quartz-Glass.webp",1024,1024,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Processing-and-Annealing-Techniques-of-Quartz-Glass.webp",1024,1024,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Processing-and-Annealing-Techniques-of-Quartz-Glass.webp",1024,1024,false],"trp-custom-language-flag":["https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Processing-and-Annealing-Techniques-of-Quartz-Glass-12x12.webp",12,12,true]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Peng, Casper","author_link":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/ka\/author\/casper-peng\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"1. Introduction This research on the processing and annealing techniques of quartz glass is aimed at fiber optic production and related projects. It seeks to improve the stability of quartz products at high and normal temperatures through practice, ensuring smooth application of products in various scenarios. 2. Processing of Quartz Glass Products 2.1 Types of&hellip;","authors":[{"term_id":13,"user_id":3,"is_guest":0,"slug":"casper-peng","display_name":"Peng, Casper","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Casper-Peng.webp","url2x":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Casper-Peng.webp"},"0":null,"1":"","2":"","3":"","4":"","5":"","6":"","7":""}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3698","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3698"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3698\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4260,"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3698\/revisions\/4260"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3701"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3698"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3698"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3698"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=3698"}],"curies":[{"name":"\u10d5\u10dd\u10e0\u10d3\u10de\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}