{"id":3698,"date":"2024-05-30T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-05-30T01:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/?p=3698"},"modified":"2024-06-27T16:59:50","modified_gmt":"2024-06-27T08:59:50","slug":"research-on-processing-and-annealing-techniques-of-quartz-glass","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/is\/research-on-processing-and-annealing-techniques-of-quartz-glass\/","title":{"rendered":"Ranns\u00f3knir \u00e1 vinnslu- og gl\u00e6\u00f0ingart\u00e6kni kvarsglers"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n\n\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-table-of-contents uagb-toc__align-left uagb-toc__columns-1  uagb-block-7f4d3acd\"\n\t\t\t\t\tdata-scroll= \"1\"\n\t\t\t\t\tdata-offset= \"30\"\n\t\t\t\t\tstyle=\"\"\n\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uagb-toc__wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uagb-toc__title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tEfnisyfirlit\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class='uagb-toc__separator'><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uagb-toc__list-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<ol class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><a href=\"#1-introduction\" class=\"uagb-toc-link__trigger\">1. Inngangur<\/a><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><a href=\"#2-processing-of-quartz-glass-products\" class=\"uagb-toc-link__trigger\">2. Vinnsla \u00e1 kvarsglerv\u00f6rum<\/a><ul class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><a href=\"#21-types-of-quartz-glass-materials\" class=\"uagb-toc-link__trigger\">2.1 Tegundir kvarsglerefna<\/a><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><a href=\"#22-processing-of-quartz-glass-materials\" class=\"uagb-toc-link__trigger\">2.2 Vinnsla \u00e1 kvarsglerefnum<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><a href=\"#3-stress-in-quartz-glass-products\" class=\"uagb-toc-link__trigger\">3. Stress \u00ed kvarsglerv\u00f6rum<\/a><ul class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><a href=\"#31-generation-of-stress\" class=\"uagb-toc-link__trigger\">3.1 Myndun streitu<\/a><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><a href=\"#32-types-of-stress-in-quartz-glass-products\" class=\"uagb-toc-link__trigger\">3.2 Tegundir streitu \u00ed kvarsglerv\u00f6rum<\/a><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><a href=\"#321-temporary-stress\" class=\"uagb-toc-link__trigger\">3.2.1 T\u00edmabundi\u00f0 \u00e1lag<\/a><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><a href=\"#322-permanent-stress\" class=\"uagb-toc-link__trigger\">3.2.2 Varanleg streita<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li>H\u00e1lfger\u00f0ur vitleysingur<\/li><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><a href=\"#4-annealing-of-quartz-products\" class=\"uagb-toc-link__trigger\">4. Hreinsun kvarsafur\u00f0a<\/a><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><a href=\"#conclusion\" class=\"uagb-toc-link__trigger\">Ni\u00f0ursta\u00f0a<\/a>H\u00e1lfger\u00f0ur vitleysingurH\u00e1lfger\u00f0ur vitleysingur<\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-b18411bb\"><h2 class=\"uagb-heading-text\">1. Inngangur<\/h2><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00deessar ranns\u00f3knir \u00e1 vinnslu- og gl\u00e6\u00f0ut\u00e6kni kvarsglers mi\u00f0a a\u00f0 lj\u00f3slei\u00f0araframlei\u00f0slu og tengdum verkefnum. \u00dea\u00f0 leitast vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 b\u00e6ta st\u00f6\u00f0ugleika kvarsvara vi\u00f0 h\u00e1tt og e\u00f0lilegt hitastig me\u00f0 \u00e6fingum og tryggja hn\u00f6kralausa notkun \u00e1 v\u00f6rum \u00ed \u00fdmsum a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0um.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-382e9e38\"><h2 class=\"uagb-heading-text\">2. Vinnsla \u00e1 kvarsglerv\u00f6rum<\/h2><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-70147f77\"><h3 class=\"uagb-heading-text\">2.1 Tegundir kvarsglerefna<\/h3><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Kvarsgler er flokka\u00f0 eftir vinnslua\u00f0fer\u00f0um, notkun og \u00fatliti, svo sem br\u00e6ddu gagns\u00e6u kvarsgleri, br\u00e6ddu kvarsgleri, gashreinsa\u00f0 gagns\u00e6tt kvarsgler, tilb\u00fai\u00f0 kvarsgler, \u00f3gegns\u00e6tt kvarsgler, sj\u00f3nkvarsgler, kvarsgler fyrir h\u00e1lflei\u00f0ara og kvarsgler. gler fyrir raflj\u00f3sgjafa. \u00deessum er skipt \u00ed tvo meginflokka: gagns\u00e6 og \u00f3gagns\u00e6. Byggt \u00e1 hreinleika er \u00fev\u00ed skipt \u00ed \u00ferj\u00e1 flokka: h\u00e1r hreinleika, venjulegt og d\u00f3pa\u00f0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Afglerjun h\u00e1hita\u00feolins kvarsglers er e\u00f0lisl\u00e6gur galli. Kvarsgler hefur h\u00e6rri innri orku en kristalla\u00f0 kvars, sem gerir \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 varmafr\u00e6\u00f0ilega \u00f3st\u00f6\u00f0ugt metst\u00f6\u00f0ugt \u00e1stand. SiO2 sameindir fl\u00fdta fyrir titringi og mynda kristalla eftir langvarandi endurr\u00f6\u00f0un og stefnu. Krist\u00f6llun \u00e1 s\u00e9r sta\u00f0 a\u00f0allega \u00e1 yfirbor\u00f0inu, \u00ed kj\u00f6lfari\u00f0 koma innri gallar, \u00fear sem \u00feessi sv\u00e6\u00f0i eru vi\u00f0kv\u00e6m fyrir mengun, sem lei\u00f0ir til sta\u00f0bundinnar upps\u00f6fnunar \u00f3hreinindaj\u00f3na. S\u00e9rstaklega draga alkal\u00edj\u00f3nir (eins og K, Na, Li, Ca, Mg) \u00far seigju \u00feegar \u00fe\u00e6r fara inn \u00ed neti\u00f0 og fl\u00fdta fyrir glerungsey\u00f0ingu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00deessi grein fjallar um unnin kvars\u00edhluti, sem n\u00e6r a\u00f0eins yfir gagns\u00e6tt tilb\u00fai\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e9tta kvarsgler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-bdc70e2a\"><h3 class=\"uagb-heading-text\">2.2 Vinnsla \u00e1 kvarsglerefnum<\/h3><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Vi\u00f0 vinnslu kvarsglers er venjulega nota\u00f0ur vetnis-s\u00farefnislogi, me\u00f0 vinnsluhitastig um 1500-1600\u00b0C.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-5c83f448\"><h2 class=\"uagb-heading-text\">3. Stress \u00ed kvarsglerv\u00f6rum<\/h2><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-cf542c19\"><h3 class=\"uagb-heading-text\">3.1 Myndun streitu<\/h3><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Gler er l\u00e9legur hitalei\u00f0ari. \u00deegar kvarsgler (\u00e1n \u00fer\u00fdstings) er hita\u00f0 e\u00f0a k\u00e6lt er ytra lag kvarsglersins beint hita\u00f0 e\u00f0a byrjar a\u00f0 k\u00f3lna fyrst og innra gleri\u00f0 er hita\u00f0 (hitalei\u00f0ing flytur ytri hita inn) e\u00f0a k\u00e6lt eftir \u00fea\u00f0 . \u00deetta skapar hitamun \u00e1 yfirbor\u00f0i og innra hluta kvarsglersins. Vi\u00f0 upphitun er yfirbor\u00f0shiti beint upphita\u00f0s kvarsglers h\u00e1tt og innra hitastig kvarsglersins sem f\u00e6r hita er l\u00e1gt, sem veldur \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 ytra lag upphita\u00f0s kvarsglers st\u00e6kkar. Innra l\u00e6gra hitastig reynir a\u00f0 vi\u00f0halda upprunalegu \u00e1standi s\u00ednu og hindrar st\u00e6kkun ytra lagsins. \u00deannig eiga s\u00e9r sta\u00f0 st\u00e6kkun og andst\u00e6\u00f0ingur-\u00feenslu innan kvarsglersins, sem skapar tvenns konar \u00e1lag vegna v\u00edxlverkunar: \u00fer\u00fdsti\u00e1lag og tog\u00e1lag. Krafturinn sem reynir a\u00f0 koma \u00ed veg fyrir a\u00f0 ytra lag kvarsglers \u00feenist inn \u00e1 vi\u00f0 og verkar \u00e1 ytra lagi\u00f0 er kalla\u00f0 \u00fer\u00fdsti\u00e1lag, en krafturinn sem beitt er af ytra laginu af kvarsgleri sem \u00feenst \u00fat inn \u00e1 vi\u00f0 er \u00feekktur sem togspenna.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00dear sem \u00fer\u00fdstistyrkur kvarsglers er miklu meiri en togstyrkur \u00feess, geta innri og ytri l\u00f6gin af kvarsgleri sta\u00f0ist verulegan hitamun vi\u00f0 upphitun. Vi\u00f0 vinnslu me\u00f0 lampa er h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 hita kvarsgler beint \u00ed vetnis-s\u00farefnisloga \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 brotna. Aftur \u00e1 m\u00f3ti, \u00feegar kvarsgler hita\u00f0 \u00ed 500\u00b0C e\u00f0a h\u00e6rra er sett \u00ed k\u00e6livatn, sprungur \u00fea\u00f0 au\u00f0veldlega.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c1lagsdreifingin sem myndast vi\u00f0 lampavinnslu er \u00ed gr\u00f3fum dr\u00e1ttum sem h\u00e9r segir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Streita \u00ed sn\u00faningsbr\u00e6\u00f0slu<\/strong> Hendur stj\u00f3rnandans sn\u00faast og br\u00e6\u00f0a glerr\u00f6ri\u00f0 \u00ed kyndilloganum. \u00dear sem glerr\u00f6ri\u00f0 er hita\u00f0 me\u00f0 sn\u00faningi frekar en \u00ed br\u00e1\u00f0na hlutanum kemur streita fram sem hringlaga l\u00ednur.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Streita \u00ed hli\u00f0arbr\u00e6\u00f0slu<\/strong> Fyrir op, hli\u00f0artengingar og \u00feversum innri kjarnasu\u00f0u \u00e1 kvarsr\u00f6rum sn\u00fdst kvarsr\u00f6ri\u00f0 ekki, sem veldur annarri \u00e1lagsdreifingu en nefnt er h\u00e9r a\u00f0 ofan. \u00c1 \u00feessum t\u00edma er \u00e1lagi\u00f0 dreift um br\u00e1\u00f0na hlutann.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Streita \u00ed hringli\u00f0um<\/strong> Hringsamskeyti v\u00edsa til su\u00f0u \u00e1 innri kjarna.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Streita \u00ed loku\u00f0um endum jakkavara<\/strong> V\u00f6rur \u00far kvars hlj\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e6rajakka koma \u00ed \u00fdmsum ger\u00f0um en eru allar innsigla\u00f0ar. Til d\u00e6mis, \u00ed venjulegu beinni eimsvala r\u00f6r, \u00feegar b\u00e1\u00f0ir endar eru innsigla\u00f0ir, er \u00e1lag til sta\u00f0ar ekki a\u00f0eins \u00e1 ytri jakkanum heldur einnig \u00e1 innri kjarna, sem lei\u00f0ir til verulegs \u00e1lags.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>St\u00e6r\u00f0 streitu er mismunandi eftir hitamun og \u00feykkt kvarsglersins. \u00dev\u00ed meiri sem hitamunurinn er og \u00fev\u00ed \u00feykkara sem gleri\u00f0 er, \u00fev\u00ed meiri streita. \u00deess vegna er streitulosun s\u00e9rstaklega mikilv\u00e6gt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-0512fd7b\"><h3 class=\"uagb-heading-text\">3.2 Tegundir streitu \u00ed kvarsglerv\u00f6rum<\/h3><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Hita\u00e1lag \u00ed kvarsglerv\u00f6rum m\u00e1 skipta \u00ed t\u00edmabundna streitu og varanlega streitu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-599187b2\"><h3 class=\"uagb-heading-text\">3.2.1 T\u00edmabundi\u00f0 \u00e1lag<\/h3><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00edmabundi\u00f0 \u00e1lag \u00e1 s\u00e9r sta\u00f0 \u00feegar hitabreyting glersins er undir \u00e1lagshitastiginu, sem lei\u00f0ir til \u00f3jafns heildarhita vegna l\u00e9legrar hitalei\u00f0ni, sem skapar \u00e1kve\u00f0na hita\u00e1lag. \u00deetta hitauppstreymi er til sta\u00f0ar vegna hitamunarins og er \u00feekkt sem t\u00edmabundi\u00f0 \u00e1lag.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00dea\u00f0 skal teki\u00f0 fram a\u00f0 \u00fear sem kvarskjarnastangirnar sem venjulega eru unnar innihalda mismunandi efnafr\u00e6\u00f0ileg efni, er h\u00e6tta \u00e1 a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e6r hitni \u00f3jafn. \u00deess vegna, eftir spl\u00e6singu, \u00e6tti a\u00f0 nota logann til a\u00f0 hita stangarhlutann jafnt og gera heildarhitastigi\u00f0 eins sl\u00e9tt og m\u00f6gulegt er, sem dregur verulega \u00far t\u00edmabundnu \u00e1lagi kvarskjarna stangarinnar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-0e905379\"><h3 class=\"uagb-heading-text\">3.2.2 Varanleg streita<\/h3><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00deegar gler k\u00f3lnar fyrir ofan \u00e1lagspunktshitastigi\u00f0 hverfur varma\u00e1lagi\u00f0 sem myndast af hitamismuninum ekki alveg eftir k\u00e6lingu ni\u00f0ur \u00ed stofuhita, \u00feannig a\u00f0 einhver streita ver\u00f0ur eftir \u00ed glerinu. St\u00e6r\u00f0 varanlegrar streitu fer eftir k\u00e6lihra\u00f0a yfir \u00e1lagshitastiginu, seigju kvarsglersins, hitast\u00e6kkunarstu\u00f0linum og \u00feykkt v\u00f6runnar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Eins og geti\u00f0 er h\u00e9r a\u00f0 ofan hefur varanleg streita sem myndast eftir vinnslu kvarsst\u00f6ngarinnar \u00e1hrif \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0ari vinnslu og framlei\u00f0slu. \u00dev\u00ed er a\u00f0eins h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 \u00fatr\u00fdma varanlegu \u00e1lagi me\u00f0 gl\u00e6\u00f0ingu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-998d3415\"><h2 class=\"uagb-heading-text\">4. Hreinsun kvarsafur\u00f0a<\/h2><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Almennt eru glerv\u00f6rur gl\u00f3\u00f0ar eftir vinnslu. Gl\u00e6\u00f0ing v\u00edsar til hitame\u00f0h\u00f6ndlunarferlis milli umbreytingarhitastigs og \u00e1lagspunktshitastigs til a\u00f0 \u00fatr\u00fdma hitauppstreymi sem myndast vi\u00f0 framlei\u00f0sluferli\u00f0. Venjulega, \u00fev\u00ed st\u00e6rri sem st\u00e6kkunarstu\u00f0ull glersins er, \u00fev\u00ed st\u00e6rra sem \u00feverm\u00e1li\u00f0 er og \u00fev\u00ed fl\u00f3knara sem v\u00f6ru\u00e1standi\u00f0 er, \u00fev\u00ed alvarlegri er \u00e1lagi\u00f0. Eins og fyrr segir hefur kvarsst\u00f6ngin sem snert er vi\u00f0 st\u00f3r \u00feverm\u00e1l og inniheldur blanda\u00f0ar kjarnastengur, svo stranga hitame\u00f0fer\u00f0 er nau\u00f0synleg til a\u00f0 fjarl\u00e6gja streitu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cd raunverulegri framlei\u00f0slu er \u00f3m\u00f6gulegt a\u00f0 \u00fatr\u00fdma algj\u00f6rlega streitu innan stangarhlutans vi\u00f0 gl\u00e6\u00f0ingu kvarsst\u00f6ngarinnar. Hins vegar er afgangsmagni\u00f0 svo l\u00edti\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 er ekki au\u00f0velt a\u00f0 greina \u00fea\u00f0 jafnvel undir skautasj\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fr\u00e6\u00f0ilega s\u00e9\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ir h\u00e6sta gl\u00e6\u00f0ingarhitastigi\u00f0 a\u00f0 h\u00e6gt er a\u00f0 \u00fatr\u00fdma 95% af streitu eftir 3 m\u00edn\u00fatur; l\u00e6gsta hitastigi\u00f0 \u00ed gl\u00e6\u00f0ingu lei\u00f0ir til 5% streitulosunar eftir 3 m\u00edn\u00fatur. \u00cd framlei\u00f0slua\u00f0fer\u00f0um er algengt hitastig 50\u00b0C l\u00e6gra en h\u00e6sta \u00fatgl\u00f6\u00f0uhitastigi\u00f0 og 100\u00b0C h\u00e6rra en l\u00e6gsta \u00fatgl\u00f6\u00f0uhitastigi\u00f0. \u00dea\u00f0 eru margar lei\u00f0ir til a\u00f0 gl\u00e6\u00f0a en a\u00f0ala\u00f0fer\u00f0in er gl\u00e6\u00f0ing \u00ed ofni sem er \u00ed brennidepli \u00ed \u00feessari umr\u00e6\u00f0u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Samkv\u00e6mt gl\u00e6\u00f0ingarreglunni sem nefnd er h\u00e9r a\u00f0 ofan er gl\u00e6\u00f0ing kvarsglers skipt \u00ed fj\u00f6gur stig: hitunarstig, st\u00f6\u00f0ugt hitastig, k\u00e6listig og n\u00e1tt\u00farulegt k\u00e6listig.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Upphitunarstig<\/strong> Fyrir kvarsgler er \u00feetta verk byggt \u00e1 gl\u00e6\u00f0ingarkr\u00f6fum sj\u00f3nvara. Allt hitunarferli\u00f0 felur \u00ed s\u00e9r h\u00e6ga upphitun \u00ed 1100\u00b0C. Samkv\u00e6mt reynslu er hitastigsh\u00e6kkunin 4,5\/R\u00b2\u00b0C\/m\u00edn, \u00fear sem R er rad\u00edus kvarsglerafur\u00f0arinnar.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>St\u00f6\u00f0u st\u00f6\u00f0ugt hitastig<\/strong> \u00deegar kvarsst\u00f6ngin n\u00e6r raunverulegu h\u00e6sta \u00fatgl\u00f6\u00f0uhitastigi er ofninum haldi\u00f0 vi\u00f0 st\u00f6\u00f0ugt hitastig til a\u00f0 tryggja jafna upphitun v\u00f6runnar og undirb\u00faa hana fyrir n\u00e6sta k\u00e6li\u00ferep.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>K\u00e6listig<\/strong> Til a\u00f0 \u00fatr\u00fdma e\u00f0a framlei\u00f0a mj\u00f6g l\u00edti\u00f0 varanlegt \u00e1lag me\u00f0an \u00e1 k\u00e6liferli kvarsstangarinnar stendur, \u00e6tti a\u00f0 l\u00e6kka hitastigi\u00f0 h\u00e6gt til a\u00f0 koma \u00ed veg fyrir mikinn hitastig. K\u00e6lihra\u00f0inn er sem h\u00e9r segir:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>1100\u00b0C til 950\u00b0C: 15\u00b0C\/klst<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>950\u00b0C til 750\u00b0C: 30\u00b0C\/klst<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>750\u00b0C til 450\u00b0C: 60\u00b0C\/klst<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>N\u00e1tt\u00farulegt k\u00e6listig<\/strong> Undir 450\u00b0C er sl\u00f6kkt \u00e1 straumnum til gl\u00e6\u00f0ingarofnsins og umhverfinu vi\u00f0haldi\u00f0 \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 breyta einangrunarumhverfinu \u00fear til \u00fea\u00f0 k\u00f3lnar n\u00e1tt\u00farulega ni\u00f0ur fyrir 100\u00b0C. Undir 100\u00b0C er einangrunarumhverfi\u00f0 opna\u00f0 og \u00fea\u00f0 k\u00f3lnar ni\u00f0ur \u00ed stofuhita.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00edminn og hitastigi\u00f0 sem taka \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed ofangreindum skrefum er byggt \u00e1 fr\u00e6\u00f0ilegum ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0um og framlei\u00f0slua\u00f0fer\u00f0um. Mynd 1 s\u00fdnir misheppna\u00f0ar tilraunav\u00f6rur vegna \u00f3jafnrar hitunar sem stafar af of stuttum upphitun e\u00f0a st\u00f6\u00f0ugum hitat\u00edma.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-bc46a4cd\"><h2 class=\"uagb-heading-text\">Ni\u00f0ursta\u00f0a<\/h2><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Vi\u00f0 framlei\u00f0slu og vinnslu kvarsglers er streita til sta\u00f0ar \u00ed v\u00f6runum \u00e1 hva\u00f0a stigi sem er, hvort sem \u00fea\u00f0 er t\u00edmabundi\u00f0 e\u00f0a varanlegt. A\u00f0fer\u00f0ir eins og \u201elogi\u201c, \u201eHF-s\u00fdra\u201c og \u201egl\u00e6\u00f0ingarofn\u201c er h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 nota til a\u00f0 fjarl\u00e6gja t\u00edmabundi\u00f0 \u00e1lag e\u00f0a draga \u00far varanlegu \u00e1lagi. A\u00f0 fjarl\u00e6gja streitu er mikilv\u00e6gt til a\u00f0 b\u00e6ta v\u00e9lr\u00e6nan st\u00f6\u00f0ugleika og sj\u00f3nr\u00e6na einsleitni kvarsvara.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hj\u00e1 GlobalQT (Global Quartz Tube) s\u00e9rh\u00e6fum vi\u00f0 okkur \u00ed h\u00e1g\u00e6\u00f0a <a href=\"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/is\/products\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"2062\">Kvarsglerv\u00f6rur<\/a> me\u00f0 s\u00e9rsni\u00f0num lausnum sem m\u00e6ta \u00fe\u00ednum s\u00e9rt\u00e6ku \u00fe\u00f6rfum. Fyrir frekari uppl\u00fdsingar, heims\u00e6ktu okkar <a href=\"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/is\/\">vefs\u00ed\u00f0u<\/a> e\u00f0a haf\u00f0u samband vi\u00f0 okkur me\u00f0 t\u00f6lvup\u00f3sti \u00e1 <a>contact@globalquartztube.com<\/a>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1. Introduction This research on the processing and annealing techniques of quartz glass is aimed at fiber optic production and related projects. It seeks to improve the stability of quartz products at high and normal temperatures through practice, ensuring smooth application of products in various scenarios. 2. Processing of Quartz Glass Products 2.1 Types of [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":3701,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"Research on Processing and Annealing Techniques of Quartz Glass","_seopress_titles_desc":"Explore the types, stress generation, and annealing techniques of quartz glass, improving stability for high-temperature applications through practical research.","_seopress_robots_index":"","_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[13],"class_list":["post-3698","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","author-casper-peng"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Processing-and-Annealing-Techniques-of-Quartz-Glass.webp",1024,1024,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Processing-and-Annealing-Techniques-of-Quartz-Glass-150x150.webp",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Processing-and-Annealing-Techniques-of-Quartz-Glass-300x300.webp",300,300,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Processing-and-Annealing-Techniques-of-Quartz-Glass-768x768.webp",768,768,true],"large":["https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Processing-and-Annealing-Techniques-of-Quartz-Glass.webp",1024,1024,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Processing-and-Annealing-Techniques-of-Quartz-Glass.webp",1024,1024,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Processing-and-Annealing-Techniques-of-Quartz-Glass.webp",1024,1024,false],"trp-custom-language-flag":["https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Processing-and-Annealing-Techniques-of-Quartz-Glass-12x12.webp",12,12,true]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Peng, Casper","author_link":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/is\/author\/casper-peng\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"1. Introduction This research on the processing and annealing techniques of quartz glass is aimed at fiber optic production and related projects. It seeks to improve the stability of quartz products at high and normal temperatures through practice, ensuring smooth application of products in various scenarios. 2. Processing of Quartz Glass Products 2.1 Types of&hellip;","authors":[{"term_id":13,"user_id":3,"is_guest":0,"slug":"casper-peng","display_name":"Peng, Casper","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Casper-Peng.webp","url2x":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Casper-Peng.webp"},"0":null,"1":"","2":"","3":"","4":"","5":"","6":"","7":""}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/is\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3698","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/is\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/is\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/is\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/is\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3698"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/is\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3698\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4260,"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/is\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3698\/revisions\/4260"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/is\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3701"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/is\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3698"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/is\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3698"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/is\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3698"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/is\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=3698"}],"curies":[{"name":"vp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}