{"id":2957,"date":"2024-05-06T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-05-06T01:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/?p=2957"},"modified":"2024-06-26T20:49:52","modified_gmt":"2024-06-26T12:49:52","slug":"hydroxyl-groups-in-quartz-tubes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/is\/hydroxyl-groups-in-quartz-tubes\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u00fddrox\u00fdlh\u00f3par \u00ed kvarsr\u00f6rum"},"content":{"rendered":"

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H\u00fddrox\u00fdl \u00ed kvarsgleri<\/strong><\/h2><\/div>\n\n\n\n

H\u00fddrox\u00fdl leyst upp \u00ed kvarsgleri er \u00feekkt sem h\u00fddrox\u00fdl. H\u00fddrox\u00fdl er a\u00f0al \u00f3hreinindin \u00ed kvarsgleri og a\u00f0al\u00fe\u00e6ttirnir sem hafa \u00e1hrif \u00e1 innihald \u00feess eru hr\u00e1efni, ferli og framlei\u00f0slua\u00f0fer\u00f0ir. \u00dear sem h\u00fddrox\u00fdlinnihaldi\u00f0 \u00ed kvarsgleri er breytilegt, er einnig frammista\u00f0a glersins. Auki\u00f0 h\u00fddrox\u00fdlinnihald lei\u00f0ir til l\u00e6kkunar \u00e1 seigju, \u00fe\u00e9ttleika og brotstu\u00f0ul og aukningu \u00e1 innrau\u00f0a fr\u00e1sogs- og st\u00e6kkunarstu\u00f0ul.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Afh\u00fddrox\u00fdlering<\/strong><\/h2><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Byggt \u00e1 heg\u00f0un h\u00fddrox\u00fdls \u00ed kvarsgleri m\u00e1 skipta \u00fev\u00ed \u00ed tvo flokka: kvarsgler framleitt \u00ed oxandi andr\u00famslofti og kvarsgler br\u00e6tt \u00ed afoxandi andr\u00famslofti. H\u00fddrox\u00fdli\u00f0 \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed fyrrnefnda er erfitt a\u00f0 fjarl\u00e6gja me\u00f0 upphitun en \u00fea\u00f0 er au\u00f0veldara a\u00f0 fjarl\u00e6gja \u00fea\u00f0 \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed s\u00ed\u00f0ara.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kvarsgler framleitt \u00ed oxandi andr\u00famslofti inniheldur:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. Syntet\u00edskt kvarsgler<\/strong>: K\u00edsiltetrakl\u00f3r\u00ed\u00f0 er varma ni\u00f0urbroti\u00f0 \u00ed vetniss\u00farefnisloga, me\u00f0 h\u00fddrox\u00fdlinnihald um 1000-2000 ppm.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Gashreinsa\u00f0 kvarsgler<\/strong>: Kvarsduft br\u00e6tt \u00ed vetniss\u00farefnisloga, me\u00f0 h\u00fddrox\u00fdlinnihald 100-200 ppm.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. Plasma kvars gler<\/strong>: Kvarsduft br\u00e6tt \u00ed plasmaloga, me\u00f0 h\u00fddrox\u00fdlinnihald 20-30 ppm.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. Br\u00e6ddur kvars<\/strong>: Kvarsduft br\u00e6tt \u00ed andr\u00famslofti, me\u00f0 h\u00fddrox\u00fdlinnihald 300-500 ppm.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    Erfitt er a\u00f0 fjarl\u00e6gja h\u00fddrox\u00fdl af \u00feessari tegund af kvarsgleri me\u00f0 hitame\u00f0h\u00f6ndlun og afh\u00fddrox\u00fdlerist a\u00f0eins s\u00fdnilega yfir krist\u00f6llunarhitastiginu \u00ed kringum 1350 gr\u00e1\u00f0ur \u00e1 Cels\u00edus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Kvarsgler br\u00e6tt \u00ed minnkandi andr\u00famslofti<\/strong>:<\/h2><\/div>\n\n\n\n

    \u00cd vetnislofti er h\u00fddrox\u00fdlinnihaldi\u00f0 100-200 ppm; hitun yfir 900 gr\u00e1\u00f0ur \u00e1 Cels\u00edus getur fjarl\u00e6gt mest af h\u00fddrox\u00fdlinu. Vi\u00f0 hel\u00edum e\u00f0a loftt\u00e6mi er h\u00fddrox\u00fdlinnihaldi\u00f0 mj\u00f6g l\u00e1gt (undir 5 ppm).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    H\u00fddrox\u00fdli\u00f0 \u00ed kvarsgleri sem br\u00e6tt er \u00ed vetnislofti tengist eftirfarandi \u00fe\u00e1ttum:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    1. Tengt hr\u00e1efniseignum<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

      a. Uppleyst vatn; b. Kristalla\u00f0 vatn; c. Interstitial vatn; b. Yfirbor\u00f0sa\u00f0soga\u00f0 vatn; e. Gas-v\u00f6kvi innifali\u00f0;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      2. Tengt hr\u00e1efnisinnihaldi og ger\u00f0 \u00f3hreininda<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      a. Alkal\u00edm\u00e1lmox\u00ed\u00f0; b. Jar\u00f0alkal\u00edsk m\u00e1lmox\u00ed\u00f0; c. Sjaldg\u00e6f j\u00f6r\u00f0 ox\u00ed\u00f0;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      3. Tengt br\u00e6\u00f0slu\u00e1standi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Hitastig; T\u00edmi; Andr\u00famsloft;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      4. Tengt afh\u00fddrox\u00fdlunarskilyr\u00f0um<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Umhverfi, loftt\u00e6mistig; T\u00edmi; Hitastig;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Endurbr\u00e6\u00f0slu kvarsglers framleitt \u00ed oxandi andr\u00famslofti \u00ed vetnislofti s\u00fdnir enga breytingu \u00e1 h\u00fddrox\u00fdl fr\u00e1sogstoppi vi\u00f0 2,73 m\u00edkron; \u00feetta gefur til kynna a\u00f0 br\u00e6\u00f0sluhitastigi\u00f0 s\u00e9 ekki ors\u00f6k munarins \u00e1 afh\u00fddrox\u00fdlerunarafk\u00f6stum milli tveggja glertegunda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Kvarsgler \u00ed duftformi sem br\u00e6tt er \u00ed oxandi andr\u00famslofti (kornast\u00e6r\u00f0 0,2\u20140,05 mm) s\u00fdnir verulega breytingu \u00e1 h\u00fddrox\u00fdltoppnum vi\u00f0 2,73 m\u00edkron eftir endurbr\u00e6\u00f0slu \u00ed vetnislofti, sem gerir \u00fea\u00f0 au\u00f0veldara a\u00f0 fjarl\u00e6gja h\u00fddrox\u00fdl og virkni \u00feess svipu\u00f0 og kvars. gler br\u00e6tt \u00ed vetnislofti. \u00deetta s\u00fdnir a\u00f0 kornast\u00e6r\u00f0 er mikilv\u00e6gur \u00fe\u00e1ttur \u00ed mun \u00e1 afh\u00fddrox\u00fdleringu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      L\u00e1gt h\u00fddrox\u00fdl kvars glerduft<\/strong> endurbr\u00e1\u00f0 \u00ed vetnislofti eykur h\u00fddrox\u00fdl \u00far 3 ppm \u00ed 100 ppm, sem gefur til kynna a\u00f0 vetnisloft getur auki\u00f0 h\u00fddrox\u00fdlinnihald \u00ed kvarsgleri. L\u00e1gt h\u00fddrox\u00fdl kvarsglerblokkir sem eru endurbr\u00e6ddir \u00ed vetnislofti s\u00fdna n\u00e1nast enga breytingu \u00e1 h\u00fddrox\u00fdlinnihaldi (3 ppm), sem gefur til kynna a\u00f0 v\u00edxlverkun vetnis og kvarsglers hefjist vi\u00f0 yfirbor\u00f0i\u00f0 (br\u00e6\u00f0slut\u00edmi um 30 m\u00edn\u00fatur).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Litr\u00f3fsgleypnia\u00f0fer\u00f0 fyrir h\u00fddrox\u00fdl\u00fatreikning<\/strong>:<\/h2><\/div>\n\n\n\n

      Form\u00fala eftir GE: C = 910\/T * LOG10(Ta\/Tb) mm-1<\/p>\n\n\n\n