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\u0537\u057a\u056b\u057f\u0561\u0584\u057d\u056b\u0561:<\/strong> \u0531\u0580\u0587\u0561\u0575\u056b\u0576 \u057d\u056b\u056c\u056b\u0581\u056b\u0578\u0582\u0574\u0561\u0575\u056b\u0576 \u057e\u0561\u0586\u0565\u0580\u056b \u0574\u0577\u0561\u056f\u0578\u0582\u0574:<\/strong> SiC\/GaN \u057d\u0561\u0580\u0584\u0565\u0580\u056b \u0563\u0578\u0580\u056e\u0568\u0576\u0569\u0561\u0581\u0576\u0565\u0580:<\/strong> \u0556\u0578\u057f\u0578\u0564\u0565\u057f\u0565\u056f\u057f\u0578\u0580\u056b \u056f\u0561\u0574 \u057d\u0565\u0576\u057d\u0578\u0580\u056b \u0561\u0580\u057f\u0561\u0564\u0580\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0576:<\/strong> \u053c\u0561\u0562\u0578\u0580\u0561\u057f\u0578\u0580 \u0574\u0561\u056f\u0561\u0580\u0564\u0561\u056f\u056b \u0583\u0578\u0580\u0571\u0561\u0580\u056f\u0578\u0582\u0574:<\/strong> \u053f\u0561\u0580\u056b\u0565\u0580\u0561\u0575\u056b \u0578\u0572\u057b \u056f\u0575\u0561\u0576\u0584\u056b \u0568\u0576\u0569\u0561\u0581\u0584\u0578\u0582\u0574 \u0566\u0563\u0561\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0576\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0576:<\/strong> \u0554\u057e\u0561\u0580\u0581\u0561\u0575\u056b\u0576 \u056d\u0578\u0572\u0578\u057e\u0561\u056f\u0576\u0565\u0580\u056b \u0562\u0561\u0580\u0571\u0580 \u057b\u0565\u0580\u0574\u0561\u057d\u057f\u056b\u0573\u0561\u0576\u056b \u056f\u056b\u0580\u0561\u057c\u0578\u0582\u0574\u0576\u0565\u0580\u0568:<\/strong> 1. Semiconductor Device Manufacturing (Highly Relevant) High-Temperature Diffusion\/Annealing Processes:Quartz tubes are commonly used in semiconductor wafer high-temperature diffusion furnaces for doping (such as phosphorus or boron diffusion) or annealing (activating dopants).Carrier lifetime is a key parameter for evaluating silicon wafer quality. If quartz tube impurities (such as metal ions) contaminate the wafers, it can lead […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6409,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"Which Tests Require Attention to Carrier Lifetime Values ((Part 3 of 10)","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[21],"class_list":["post-6406","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","author-nola"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/High-temperature-diffusion-furnace.jpg",884,879,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/High-temperature-diffusion-furnace-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/High-temperature-diffusion-furnace-300x298.jpg",300,298,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/High-temperature-diffusion-furnace-768x764.jpg",768,764,true],"large":["https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/High-temperature-diffusion-furnace.jpg",884,879,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/High-temperature-diffusion-furnace.jpg",884,879,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/High-temperature-diffusion-furnace.jpg",884,879,false],"trp-custom-language-flag":["https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/High-temperature-diffusion-furnace-12x12.jpg",12,12,true]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Nola Zhang","author_link":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/hy\/author\/nola\/"},"uagb_comment_info":9,"uagb_excerpt":"1. Semiconductor Device Manufacturing (Highly Relevant) High-Temperature Diffusion\/Annealing Processes:Quartz tubes are commonly used in semiconductor wafer high-temperature diffusion furnaces for doping (such as phosphorus or boron diffusion) or annealing (activating dopants).Carrier lifetime is a key parameter for evaluating silicon wafer quality. If quartz tube impurities (such as metal ions) contaminate the wafers, it can lead\u2026","authors":[{"term_id":21,"user_id":1,"is_guest":0,"slug":"nola","display_name":"Nola Zhang","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Casper-Peng.webp","url2x":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Casper-Peng.webp"},"0":null,"1":"","2":"","3":"","4":"","5":"","6":"","7":""}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/hy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6406","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/hy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/hy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/hy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/hy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6406"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/hy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6406\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6494,"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/hy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6406\/revisions\/6494"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/hy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6409"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/hy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6406"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/hy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6406"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/hy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6406"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/hy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=6406"}],"curies":[{"name":"\u0564\u0561\u0562\u056c-\u0578\u0582\u057a","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
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\n\n\n\n![\"\u0532\u0561\u0580\u0571\u0580](\"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/High-temperature-diffusion-furnace.jpg\")
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\u0532\u0561\u0580\u0571\u0580 \u0561\u0580\u0564\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0576\u0561\u057e\u0565\u057f\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0575\u0561\u0574\u0562 \u0561\u0580\u0587\u0561\u0575\u056b\u0576 \u0562\u057b\u056b\u057b\u0576\u0565\u0580\u056b, \u0585\u0580\u056b\u0576\u0561\u056f\u055d PERC \u0587 TOPCon, \u0563\u0578\u0580\u056e\u0568\u0576\u0569\u0561\u0581\u0576\u0565\u0580\u0578\u0582\u0574 \u0584\u057e\u0561\u0580\u0581\u0561\u0575\u056b\u0576 \u056d\u0578\u0572\u0578\u057e\u0561\u056f\u0576\u0565\u0580\u0568 \u0585\u0563\u057f\u0561\u0563\u0578\u0580\u056e\u057e\u0578\u0582\u0574 \u0565\u0576 \u057a\u0561\u057d\u056b\u057e\u0561\u0581\u0574\u0561\u0576 \u0577\u0565\u0580\u057f\u056b (\u0585\u0580\u056b\u0576\u0561\u056f\u055d SiNx \u056f\u0561\u0574 Al\u2082O\u2083) \u0576\u057d\u057f\u0565\u0581\u0574\u0561\u0576 \u056f\u0561\u0574 \u0562\u0561\u0580\u0571\u0580 \u057b\u0565\u0580\u0574\u0561\u057d\u057f\u056b\u0573\u0561\u0576\u0578\u0582\u0574 \u0569\u056d\u0574\u0561\u0576 \u0570\u0561\u0574\u0561\u0580\u0589.
\u053f\u0580\u056b\u0579\u056b \u056f\u0575\u0561\u0576\u0584\u056b \u057f\u0587\u0578\u0572\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0576\u0568 \u0578\u0582\u0572\u0572\u0561\u056f\u056b\u0578\u0580\u0565\u0576 \u0561\u0566\u0564\u0578\u0582\u0574 \u0567 \u0562\u057b\u056b\u057b\u056b \u0583\u0578\u056d\u0561\u0580\u056f\u0574\u0561\u0576 \u0561\u0580\u0564\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0576\u0561\u057e\u0565\u057f\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0575\u0561\u0576 \u057e\u0580\u0561\u0589 \u0535\u0569\u0565 \u0584\u057e\u0561\u0580\u0581\u0561\u0575\u056b\u0576 \u056d\u0578\u0572\u0578\u057e\u0561\u056f\u0568 \u0561\u0572\u057f\u0578\u057f\u0578\u0582\u0574 \u0567, \u057e\u0561\u0586\u0565\u0580\u056b \u0574\u0561\u056f\u0565\u0580\u0565\u057d\u0561\u0575\u056b\u0576 \u057e\u0565\u0580\u0561\u0574\u056b\u0561\u057e\u0578\u0580\u0574\u0561\u0576 \u0561\u0580\u0561\u0563\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0576\u0568 \u056f\u0561\u0573\u056b\u0589.
\u0549\u0561\u0583\u0578\u0582\u0574\u0576\u0565\u0580\u0568 \u056f\u0561\u057f\u0561\u0580\u057e\u0578\u0582\u0574 \u0565\u0576 QSSPC (\u056f\u056b\u057d\u0561\u056f\u0561\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0576 \u057e\u056b\u0573\u0561\u056f\u056b \u0586\u0578\u057f\u0578\u0570\u0561\u0572\u0578\u0580\u0564\u0578\u0582\u0576\u0561\u056f\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0576) \u056f\u0561\u0574 \u03bc-PCD (\u0574\u056b\u056f\u0580\u0578\u0561\u056c\u056b\u0584\u0561\u0575\u056b\u0576 \u0586\u0578\u057f\u0578\u0570\u0561\u0572\u0578\u0580\u0564\u0578\u0582\u0576\u0561\u056f\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0575\u0561\u0576 \u0561\u0576\u056f\u0578\u0582\u0574) \u0574\u0565\u0569\u0578\u0564\u0576\u0565\u0580\u0578\u057e\u055d \u0583\u0578\u0584\u0580\u0561\u0574\u0561\u057d\u0576\u0561\u056f\u056b\u0580\u0576\u0565\u0580\u056b \u056f\u0575\u0561\u0576\u0584\u056b \u057f\u0587\u0578\u0572\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0576\u0568 \u0578\u0580\u0578\u0577\u0565\u056c\u0578\u0582 \u0570\u0561\u0574\u0561\u0580\u0589.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n3. \u0546\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0565\u0580\u056b \u0570\u0565\u057f\u0561\u0566\u0578\u057f\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0576 (\u0585\u0580\u056b\u0576\u0561\u056f\u055d \u056c\u0561\u0575\u0576 \u0561\u0580\u0563\u0565\u056c\u0584\u0561\u0575\u056b\u0576 \u056c\u0561\u0575\u0576\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0575\u0561\u0574\u0562 \u056f\u056b\u057d\u0561\u0570\u0561\u0572\u0578\u0580\u0564\u056b\u0579\u0576\u0565\u0580)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u0532\u0561\u0580\u0571\u0580 \u057b\u0565\u0580\u0574\u0561\u057d\u057f\u056b\u0573\u0561\u0576\u056b (>1500 \u00b0C) \u057a\u0580\u0578\u0581\u0565\u057d\u0576\u0565\u0580\u0568 \u057d\u056b\u056c\u056b\u0581\u056b\u0578\u0582\u0574\u0561\u0575\u056b\u0576 \u056f\u0561\u0580\u0562\u056b\u0564\u056b (SiC) \u056f\u0561\u0574 \u0563\u0561\u056c\u056b\u0578\u0582\u0574\u056b \u0576\u056b\u057f\u0580\u056b\u0564\u056b (GaN) \u057d\u0561\u0580\u0584\u0565\u0580\u056b \u0570\u0561\u0574\u0561\u0580 \u057a\u0561\u0570\u0561\u0576\u057b\u0578\u0582\u0574 \u0565\u0576 \u0563\u0565\u0580\u0574\u0561\u0584\u0578\u0582\u0580 \u0584\u057e\u0561\u0580\u0581\u0561\u0575\u056b\u0576 \u056d\u0578\u0572\u0578\u057e\u0561\u056f\u0576\u0565\u0580\u0589 \u0531\u0572\u057f\u0578\u057f\u056b\u0579\u0576\u0565\u0580\u0568 \u056f\u0561\u0580\u0578\u0572 \u0565\u0576 \u0562\u0561\u0580\u0571\u0580\u0561\u0581\u0576\u0565\u056c \u0574\u056b\u057b\u0565\u0580\u0565\u057d\u0561\u0575\u056b\u0576 \u057e\u056b\u0573\u0561\u056f\u0576\u0565\u0580\u056b \u056d\u057f\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0576\u0568, \u056b\u0576\u0579\u0568 \u0570\u0561\u0576\u0563\u0565\u0581\u0576\u0578\u0582\u0574 \u0567 \u056f\u0580\u056b\u0579\u0576\u0565\u0580\u056b \u056f\u0575\u0561\u0576\u0584\u056b \u057f\u0587\u0578\u0572\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0575\u0561\u0576 \u056f\u0580\u0573\u0561\u057f\u0574\u0561\u0576\u0568\u0589.
\u0540\u0565\u057f\u0561\u0566\u0578\u057f\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0576\u0576\u0565\u0580\u0568 \u0570\u0561\u0573\u0561\u056d \u056f\u0565\u0576\u057f\u0580\u0578\u0576\u0561\u0576\u0578\u0582\u0574 \u0565\u0576 \u0567\u057a\u056b\u057f\u0561\u0584\u057d\u056b\u0561\u056f\u0561\u0576 \u0577\u0565\u0580\u057f\u0565\u0580\u056b \u056f\u0561\u0574 \u0585\u0584\u057d\u056b\u0564\u0561\u0575\u056b\u0576 \u0577\u0565\u0580\u057f\u0565\u0580\u056b \u0567\u056c\u0565\u056f\u057f\u0580\u0561\u056f\u0561\u0576 \u0570\u0561\u057f\u056f\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0576\u0576\u0565\u0580\u056b \u057e\u0580\u0561\u0589.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n4. \u0531\u0575\u056c \u0561\u057c\u0576\u0579\u057e\u0578\u0572 \u0569\u0565\u057d\u057f\u0565\u0580<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u053f\u0580\u056b\u0579\u056b \u056f\u0575\u0561\u0576\u0584\u056b \u057f\u0587\u0578\u0572\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0576\u0568 \u0561\u0566\u0564\u0578\u0582\u0574 \u0567 \u0561\u0580\u0571\u0561\u0563\u0561\u0576\u0584\u0574\u0561\u0576 \u0561\u0580\u0561\u0563\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0575\u0561\u0576 \u057e\u0580\u0561\u0589 \u0535\u0569\u0565 \u0584\u057e\u0561\u0580\u0581\u0561\u0575\u056b\u0576 \u056d\u0578\u0572\u0578\u057e\u0561\u056f\u0576\u0565\u0580\u0568 \u0561\u0572\u057f\u0578\u057f\u0565\u0576 \u0566\u0563\u0561\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0576 \u0576\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0565\u0580 (\u0585\u0580\u056b\u0576\u0561\u056f\u055d InGaAs), \u057d\u0561\u0580\u0584\u056b \u056f\u0561\u057f\u0561\u0580\u0578\u0572\u0561\u056f\u0561\u0576\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0576\u0568 \u056f\u0561\u0580\u0578\u0572 \u0567 \u057e\u0561\u057f\u0569\u0561\u0580\u0561\u0576\u0561\u056c\u0589.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0548\u0580\u0578\u0577 \u0570\u0561\u0573\u0561\u056d\u0578\u0580\u0564\u0576\u0565\u0580 \u056f\u0561\u0580\u0578\u0572 \u0565\u0576 \u057a\u0561\u0580\u0566\u0561\u057a\u0565\u057d \u0585\u0563\u057f\u0561\u0563\u0578\u0580\u056e\u0565\u056c \u0584\u057e\u0561\u0580\u0581\u0561\u0575\u056b\u0576 \u056d\u0578\u0572\u0578\u057e\u0561\u056f\u0576\u0565\u0580 \u0578\u0580\u057a\u0565\u057d \u057c\u0565\u0561\u056f\u0581\u056b\u0561\u0575\u056b \u057f\u0561\u0580\u0561\u0576\u0565\u0580\u055d \u0576\u0578\u0580 \u0576\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0565\u0580\u056b (\u0585\u0580\u056b\u0576\u0561\u056f\u055d \u057a\u0565\u0580\u0578\u057e\u057d\u056f\u056b\u057f\u0576\u0565\u0580\u056b) \u056f\u0580\u056b\u0579\u056b \u0564\u056b\u0576\u0561\u0574\u056b\u056f\u0561\u0576 \u0583\u0578\u0580\u0571\u0561\u0580\u056f\u0565\u056c\u0578\u0582 \u0570\u0561\u0574\u0561\u0580\u0589.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n\u0539\u0565\u057d\u057f\u056b \u0570\u0561\u0574\u0561\u057a\u0561\u057f\u0561\u057d\u056d\u0561\u0576\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0576<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u0531\u0575\u057d \u057a\u0561\u0580\u0561\u0574\u0565\u057f\u0580\u0568 \u056f\u056b\u057d\u0561\u0570\u0561\u0572\u0578\u0580\u0564\u056b\u0579\u0576\u0565\u0580\u056b \u0587 \u0586\u0578\u057f\u0578\u057e\u0578\u056c\u057f\u0561\u0575\u056b\u0576 \u0578\u056c\u0578\u0580\u057f\u0576\u0565\u0580\u0578\u0582\u0574 \u056f\u0565\u0576\u057d\u0561\u056f\u0561\u0576 \u0576\u0577\u0561\u0576\u0561\u056f\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0576 \u0578\u0582\u0576\u056b, \u0574\u056b\u0576\u0579\u0564\u0565\u057c \u057d\u0578\u057e\u0578\u0580\u0561\u056f\u0561\u0576 \u0561\u0580\u0564\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0576\u0561\u0562\u0565\u0580\u0561\u056f\u0561\u0576 \u056f\u0561\u0574 \u0584\u056b\u0574\u056b\u0561\u056f\u0561\u0576 \u0583\u0578\u0580\u0571\u0561\u0580\u056f\u0578\u0582\u0574\u0576\u0565\u0580\u0568, \u0578\u0580\u057a\u0565\u057d \u056f\u0561\u0576\u0578\u0576, \u0561\u0575\u0576 \u0570\u0561\u057f\u0578\u0582\u056f \u0579\u0565\u0576 \u0579\u0561\u0583\u0578\u0582\u0574\u0589.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0538\u0576\u0564\u0570\u0561\u0576\u0578\u0582\u0580 \u0584\u056b\u0574\u056b\u0561\u056f\u0561\u0576 \u0583\u0578\u0580\u0571\u0561\u0580\u056f\u0578\u0582\u0574\u0576\u0565\u0580\u056b \u0570\u0561\u0574\u0561\u0580 \u0584\u057e\u0561\u0580\u0581\u0561\u0575\u056b\u0576 \u056d\u0578\u0572\u0578\u057e\u0561\u056f\u0576\u0565\u0580\u056b \u0574\u0561\u0584\u0580\u0578\u0582\u0569\u0575\u0561\u0576 \u057a\u0561\u0570\u0561\u0576\u057b\u0576\u0565\u0580\u0568 \u0570\u0561\u0574\u0565\u0574\u0561\u057f\u0561\u0562\u0561\u0580 \u0581\u0561\u056e\u0580 \u0565\u0576, \u0574\u056b\u0576\u0579\u0564\u0565\u057c \u056f\u056b\u057d\u0561\u0570\u0561\u0572\u0578\u0580\u0564\u056b\u0579\u0576\u0565\u0580\u056b\/\u0586\u0578\u057f\u0578\u057e\u0578\u056c\u057f\u0561\u0575\u056b\u0576 \u0563\u0578\u0580\u056e\u0568\u0576\u0569\u0561\u0581\u0576\u0565\u0580\u0568 \u0579\u0561\u0583\u0561\u0566\u0561\u0576\u0581 \u0566\u0563\u0561\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0576 \u0565\u0576 \u0561\u0572\u057f\u0578\u057f\u0574\u0561\u0576 \u0576\u056f\u0561\u057f\u0574\u0561\u0574\u0562\u0589.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"