{"id":6389,"date":"2025-10-09T15:10:00","date_gmt":"2025-10-09T07:10:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/?p=6389"},"modified":"2025-08-12T09:50:13","modified_gmt":"2025-08-12T01:50:13","slug":"technical-analysis-and-solutions-for-carrier-lifetime-reduction-caused-by-quartz-tubes-part-1-of-10","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/el\/technical-analysis-and-solutions-for-carrier-lifetime-reduction-caused-by-quartz-tubes-part-1-of-10\/","title":{"rendered":"\u03a4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b6\u03af\u03b1 (\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc 10)"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0399\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039f \u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03ae \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03ad\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03a4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03b1. \u0391\u03b3\u03cc\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b6\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae. \u0391\u03c6\u03bf\u03cd \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03ad\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b6\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03be\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u039f \u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b6\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03ac \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b7\u03c6\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0391\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03af \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bd\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b6\u03af\u03b1. \u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2. \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">I. \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039c\u03b5 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b6\u03af\u03b1, \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ae \u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 (\u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c0\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd Si\/SiC)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03c4\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd (\u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd PERC\/TOPCon \u03ae \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0388\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b7\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac (\u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf GaN \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03bf\u03af \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0395\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd (\u03c0.\u03c7. O\u2082, N\u2082, H\u2082)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 (\u03c0.\u03c7. \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba.\u03bb\u03c0.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"586\" src=\"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Crystalline-Silicon-Solar-Cell-Production-Process-\u2013-High-Temperature-Annealing-1024x586.jpg\" alt=\"\u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03c5\u03c8\u03b5\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 - \u0391\u03bd\u03cc\u03c0\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\" class=\"wp-image-6392\" style=\"width:666px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Crystalline-Silicon-Solar-Cell-Production-Process-\u2013-High-Temperature-Annealing-1024x586.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Crystalline-Silicon-Solar-Cell-Production-Process-\u2013-High-Temperature-Annealing-300x172.jpg 300w, https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Crystalline-Silicon-Solar-Cell-Production-Process-\u2013-High-Temperature-Annealing-768x440.jpg 768w, https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Crystalline-Silicon-Solar-Cell-Production-Process-\u2013-High-Temperature-Annealing-1536x879.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Crystalline-Silicon-Solar-Cell-Production-Process-\u2013-High-Temperature-Annealing-2048x1173.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Crystalline-Silicon-Solar-Cell-Production-Process-\u2013-High-Temperature-Annealing-18x10.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03c5\u03c8\u03b5\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 - \u0391\u03bd\u03cc\u03c0\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">II. \u0391\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03b1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7, \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b6\u03af\u03b1, \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b6\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u0395\u03c0\u03af\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b6\u03af\u03b1<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(1) \u03a5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 (Fe, Cu, Na \u03ba.\u03bb\u03c0.):<\/strong><br>\u03a4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b9\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b6\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c7\u03c5\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2, \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae\u03c2.<br><strong>\u0392\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2:<\/strong> \u0397 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 (\u03c0.\u03c7. \u22641 ppm- \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b6\u03af\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u22640,1 ppm).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c5\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03be\u03cd\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf (OH-):<\/strong><br>\u039f\u03b9 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c5\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03be\u03c5\u03bb\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03b4\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae, \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd, \u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03c4\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ae \u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<br><strong>\u03a3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7:<\/strong> \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03be\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b6\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c5\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03be\u03cd\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf (\u03c0.\u03c7. \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b6\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, OH- &lt; 5 ppm).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(2) \u0394\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c4\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u039c\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c1\u03c9\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7:<\/strong><br>\u03a3\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b6\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03b8\u03c9\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd (\u03c0.\u03c7. \u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03c4\u03b7) \u03ae \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03cd\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c1\u03c9\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<br><strong>\u03a3\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03b1:<\/strong> \u03a4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u0395\u03c0\u03af\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b6\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(1) \u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u039c\u03cc\u03bb\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b6\u03b1\u03c2:<\/strong><br>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c6\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b6\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03be\u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf \u03c7\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03b2\u03b1 \u03ae \u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c4\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 (\u03c0.\u03c7. Cr, Ni) \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03ad\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03c7\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b6\u03af\u03b1 \u03ae \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1.<br><strong>\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1:<\/strong> \u03a3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 SiC, \u03b7 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bb\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c5\u03ba\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd.<br><strong>\u0395\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7:<\/strong> \u03a7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b6\u03b5\u03c2 (\u03c0.\u03c7. Al\u2082O\u2083) \u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b6\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(2) \u0391\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c6\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bf\u03be\u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\/\u03bc\u03cc\u03bb\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7:<\/strong><br>\u0397 \u03ba\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b6\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b6\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf\u03be\u03c5\u03b3\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03ae \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1 SiO\u2082, \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc.<br><strong>\u039c\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2:<\/strong> \u03a7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b7\u03bb\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 (\u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03ae\u03c2 &lt; 1\u00d710-\u2079 mbar-L\/s).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \u0391\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(1) \u0394\u03b9\u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1-\u03c6\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b6\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b6\u03af\u03b1<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 (CTE):<\/strong><br>\u039f \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b6\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 (CTE ~0,55\u00d710-\u2076\/\u00b0C) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b6\u03b5\u03c2 (\u03c0.\u03c7. \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03be\u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03b2\u03b1\u03c2, CTE ~16\u00d710-\u2076\/\u00b0C) \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c1\u03c6\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd.<br><strong>\u0392\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd:<\/strong> \u03a7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ac\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 (\u03c0.\u03c7. \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c6\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b6\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03c4\u03b7) \u03ae \u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 (\u03c0.\u03c7. Viton, \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 &lt;200\u00b0C).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(2) \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c1\u03bf\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b6\u03b1\u03c2:<\/strong><br>\u0397 \u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b6\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ae \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c7\u03bc\u03b7\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c1\u03bf\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b6\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b7 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"778\" height=\"824\" src=\"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Ultra-High-Purity-Synthetic-Quartz-Tube.jpg\" alt=\"\u03a3\u03c9\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b6\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2\" class=\"wp-image-6393\" style=\"width:471px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Ultra-High-Purity-Synthetic-Quartz-Tube.jpg 778w, https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Ultra-High-Purity-Synthetic-Quartz-Tube-283x300.jpg 283w, https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Ultra-High-Purity-Synthetic-Quartz-Tube-768x813.jpg 768w, https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Ultra-High-Purity-Synthetic-Quartz-Tube-11x12.jpg 11w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 778px) 100vw, 778px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u03a3\u03c9\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b6\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">III. \u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u0392\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03b1<\/th><th>\u039c\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03cc\u03bb\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b6\u03af\u03b1<\/td><td>\u0391\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b6\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 (\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 &lt;0,1 ppm).<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c4\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c6\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b6\u03b1<\/td><td>\u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b6\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b6\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u03a3\u03c6\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03ce\u03bd<\/td><td>\u03a7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03c5\u03bb\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u039f + \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ae\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf \u03ae \u03c5\u03b9\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c6\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 (\u03c0.\u03c7. \u03c7\u03ac\u03bb\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03cd\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 UHV).<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03ac\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/td><td>\u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03be\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b6\u03af\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ae \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b6\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03be\u03b7 Ti \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03be\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b8\u03ad\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2\/\u03c8\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 (\u22645\u00b0C\/min).<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7:<\/strong><br>\u0397 \u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b6\u03af\u03b1, \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bb\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b6\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c4\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2. \u0397 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 - \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae - \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bb\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1. \u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ae \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 (\u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03af\u03bb \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd) \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">IV. \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b6\u03af\u03b1:<\/strong><br>\u0391\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 ICP-MS (\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 FTIR (\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c5\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03be\u03cd\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b5\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c6\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b6\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2:<\/strong><br>\u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b6\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03c5\u03bb\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03be\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 (\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c4\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03cc\u03c0\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2:<\/strong> \u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b8\u03ad\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2\/\u03c8\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u22645\u00b0C\/min.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u03a3\u03c7\u03ad\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2:<\/strong> \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c8\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bf\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b6\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03cd\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c1\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0388\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd:<\/strong> \u03a3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd \u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\/\u03c6\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b6\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b6\u03af\u03b1 \u03ae \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V. \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03c5\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7:<br>\u039b\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c6\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b6\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2, \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c1\u03ae\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03cd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2. \u03a9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b5\u03c5\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1. \u0395\u03ac\u03bd \u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b7 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7, \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2. \u0395\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b6\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u03a6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ae \u03b2\u03af\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a3\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 (\u03c0.\u03c7. \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1, \u03b1\u03c4\u03bc\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b1)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0386\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">VI. \u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03cd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03af\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae:<\/strong> \u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b6\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c6\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b6\u03b1 (\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c6\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b6\u03b5\u03c2), \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03af\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae (\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03af\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc 2 \u03ce\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03ae (\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae:<\/strong> \u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae, \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b6\u03af\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03b5 24\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c0\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 1000\u00b150\u00b0C \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae (\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 1000\u00b0C, \u03b2\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c5\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 1200\u00b0C).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u03a5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2:<\/strong> \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\/\u03c6\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b6\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b6\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u03a4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1:<\/strong> \u0395\u03ac\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c0\u03cd\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd, \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0391\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03af \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b6\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2. \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b7 \u03ce\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0395\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03ac,<br>\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b6\u03af\u03b1 | \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 | GlobalQT<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Case Background The customer is a top-level committee in Turkey. They purchased customized quartz tubes from another supplier. After using the new quartz tubes in their experimental process and completing subsequent measurements, they observed a decrease in the carrier lifetime value of their products. The customer sincerely requested us to provide technical advice and the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6392,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"Carrier Lifetime Loss from Quartz Tube Contamination","_seopress_titles_desc":"Analysis of how quartz tube impurities, flange leaks, and thermal stress contribute to reduced carrier lifetime in semiconductor processes.","_seopress_robots_index":"","_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[21],"class_list":["post-6389","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","author-nola"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Crystalline-Silicon-Solar-Cell-Production-Process-\u2013-High-Temperature-Annealing.jpg",2288,1310,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Crystalline-Silicon-Solar-Cell-Production-Process-\u2013-High-Temperature-Annealing-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Crystalline-Silicon-Solar-Cell-Production-Process-\u2013-High-Temperature-Annealing-300x172.jpg",300,172,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Crystalline-Silicon-Solar-Cell-Production-Process-\u2013-High-Temperature-Annealing-768x440.jpg",768,440,true],"large":["https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Crystalline-Silicon-Solar-Cell-Production-Process-\u2013-High-Temperature-Annealing-1024x586.jpg",1024,586,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Crystalline-Silicon-Solar-Cell-Production-Process-\u2013-High-Temperature-Annealing-1536x879.jpg",1536,879,true],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Crystalline-Silicon-Solar-Cell-Production-Process-\u2013-High-Temperature-Annealing-2048x1173.jpg",2048,1173,true],"trp-custom-language-flag":["https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Crystalline-Silicon-Solar-Cell-Production-Process-\u2013-High-Temperature-Annealing-18x10.jpg",18,10,true]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Nola Zhang","author_link":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/el\/author\/nola\/"},"uagb_comment_info":6,"uagb_excerpt":"Case Background The customer is a top-level committee in Turkey. They purchased customized quartz tubes from another supplier. After using the new quartz tubes in their experimental process and completing subsequent measurements, they observed a decrease in the carrier lifetime value of their products. The customer sincerely requested us to provide technical advice and the&hellip;","authors":[{"term_id":21,"user_id":1,"is_guest":0,"slug":"nola","display_name":"Nola Zhang","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Casper-Peng.webp","url2x":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Casper-Peng.webp"},"0":null,"1":"","2":"","3":"","4":"","5":"","6":"","7":""}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6389","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6389"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6389\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6433,"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6389\/revisions\/6433"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6392"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6389"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6389"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6389"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/globalquartztube.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=6389"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}